【張晚一包養林】清明之省思：道亦弘人——終極之道與儒學的存亡聰明

At the age of Qingming, and now it is Qingming. In Chinese tradition, Qingming Festival is both a day and a day. Qingming is the weather of phenology, and all things are “clear and clear” (“Hundred Questions of the Age”). But Qingming Festival is the time when people “worship the money and wear the money in plain clothes” (Volume 50 of “The Great Qing Dynasty”). In the season when everything is open, the time is clear, and people are in the world of sacrifice and understanding the meaning of survival and death, so as to seek the bright future of their lives. We have to respect the setting and concentration of our predecessors. Mou Zongsan once expressed his feelings and understanding of Qingming in a concise text:

The spring flowers bloomed earlier in the Qingming tomb, and the yellow flowers and green stripes gathered on the tomb. Paper turns into butterflies. Put a glass of wine in front of the mulberry, and the children of the mulberry were kneeling in an orderly manner. Then life is not separated, it is all about ancestors, gods, and Liuhe. This is not a life and death difference when you die. There was no crying or sobbing at this time. Death and death, the sudden emotional excitement has gone through eternity as time goes by, turning into a kind of transcendent and harmonious harmony. People seem to have fallen asleep at this time, and they sleep peacefully because of the peace of their ancestors; they also seem to have become eternal, because the gods who are connected to their ancestors are eternal in the long flow of life. [①]

The Qingming Festival, facing the wall, the living and the deadThose who seem to be separated forever; but they are not happy in life, nor are they sad in life, and they are not separated from death. Qingming, on the one hand, is the lingering and admiration of life; on the other hand, is the silence and worship of death. The two seem to be in harmony and form the Qingming Festival of life. What kind of survival and death is the Qingming Festival of this life and life contain Chinese civilization?

2. In reality, life and death are bound to be inseparable from existence

As human beings exist in a flesh, living and passing away, this is an unpredictable task, and survival and death are both unconsciously controlled and manipulated by us. Life cannot capture the 官网. Some people live in the noble family, and some people are born in the clean room, which is impossible to follow people’s wishes. When a person is born, Wang Chong once had a metaphor, just like willow catkins filled with trees, a breeze, some fell into the Huatang, and some fell into the thatched bay. Although this difference cannot be understood, it is a fact.

Diet, it is even more difficult to understand and master. Some people live for a hundred years, while others die before the age of a year. Although Wang Chong said that a person’s atrocities are related to his or her habits, “A man’s affluent person will be strong, and a strong person will be long. A woman’s atrocities will be weak, and a weak person will be short. A person’s atrocities will be short, and a short life will be short.” (“Yuheng·Fengfu”). But people href=”https://twsweetdiary.org/honeydating/%e5%be%9e%e6%af%8f%e5%80%8b%e6%9c%88%e7%b5%a6%e6%88%9120%e8%90%ac%e7%9a%84daddy%e8%ae%8a%e6%88%90%e6%88%91%e7%9a%84%e8%80%81%e5%85 %ac/”>博官网The richness of the atmosphere is not something that human power can do. “Equal land is either a foundation palace or a painting of a carpet. They are all water, either irrigating cauldrons or bathing rotten. Things are good and bad, and they are used by people. If their misfortune is sometimes painful, the watch can hurt and contain energy? ” (“Yuheng·Xingyou”)

The survival and death of people in reality are like this, so Confucianism says that “the death is life and life is destined, and wealth is in heaven” (“Yuan·Yuan”). “Deadly and live” means death, and “rich and lively” means birth. The so-called “destined” and “in heaven” mean: the abject and death of death and the destiny of life cannot be understood; if the interpretation is strong, it can only be said to be the setting of destiny or the will of heaven. The secret nature of survival and destruction caused people to feel infinite regret.

Confucius said: “Those who have sex are good at learning, but they are not angry, and they do not miss it. Unfortunately, they die! Now they are dead, but they have never heard of learning.” (“The Book of Songs·Yongye”)

Bo Niu was sick, and his son asked him, and he urged his hand, saying: “It will be a fate! This person has a disease! This person has a disease!” (“The Book of Songs·Yongye”)

But he finally felt regretful. In front of the real survival and death, any effort of a person seems to be incompetent. This is worse than being natural than being so sad. Zhu Zi said, “When you come, you are the time of Master; when you go, you are the time of Master. If you are at peace, you will be at peace, and you will not be able to enter with grief.” (“Zhuang Zi·The Lord of Nurturing Life”) Although this kind of thinking comes from Taoism, Confucianism also takes this kind of peace and stability for the survival of natural life. Zhang Wenqu said: “Stay, I am smooth; if I don’t, I am Ning.” (“Xiang”) Wang Chuanshan explained “Stay, I am not Ning” in one step:

The life of the birds is different from the birth of birds, but its death is different from the death of birds. It is perfect to improve the principle of Taihe to restore the creation, and it is still better to maintain the life of the birds and has no choice. …No one is the only one, and the survival and silence of human beings are inseparable, while the treacherous and treacherous are in fact none of them. (Volume 1 of “Zhang Zi Zhengmeng Notes”)

The reason why people can “existence and survival” is based on the Confucians’ understanding of higher levels of life and life. This is what the following sentence “no one” says. I will not explain it here. Li Zhuowu said:

There must be death in life, and there must be night in the wind. If you die, you will not be resurrected, and if you die, you will not be resurrected. Everyone wants to live, but they cannot survive for a long time; everyone dies, but they cannot survive for a long time, but they cannot survive for a long time. Since you cannot survive for a long time, you will be able to live without desire. Since you cannot stop passing away, you will be free from death. (Volume 4 of “Burning Books”)

In reality, “life can be free from desire, and death can be free from harm.” This is the realization of Confucianism in the existence and death of reality.

It is precisely because people have this level of tolerance for survival and death that human life is different from birds and birds, and human death is also different from birds. But the reason why people can have such a state of mind must have great meaning in their hearts. Otherwise, they will become unsuccessful. Its meaning is: people’s pursuit and certification of the eternal and ultimate way of life. To be precise, if a man cannot reach the eternal and ultimate way, he will be able to make sure of faith and maintain the stance of enlightenment. Even if there is, it is a floating and unfounded emotion. The most basic thing is not enough to stand and be the year of life.Night Lord; and once this state of mind stands up and becomes the master of life, life will have some scenery and realm. Confucius said: “Man can spread the Tao, but not the Tao can spread the Tao.” (“Speech: The Spirit of the Spirit”) In fact, Tao can also spread the people; if the spirit of the Tao is present, people are an occasional thing in the world of experience, and they are born and kept together, and they are also occasionally dead. Confucianism has a difference between “final” and “death”. “Traditional Notes: Tan Gong Shang”: “A righ